Saint · Apostolic age
Mary, Mother of Jesus
Venerated as Theotokos, “God-bearer”, in many traditions
- Period
- 1st century
- Feast days
- 25 March · 15 August · 8 September
- Associated region
- Nazareth and Jerusalem
Overview
Mother of Jesus, honoured above all other saints in Catholic and Orthodox traditions.
Key timeline
View full timeline (4)- 1st centuryNew Testament account
Annunciation and birth of Jesus
As narrated in Luke and Matthew.
- 1st centuryNew Testament account
At the cross
John’s Gospel places Mary at the crucifixion.
- 431
Council of Ephesus
Affirms the title Theotokos.
Life
The Gospels present Mary as a young woman of Nazareth, betrothed to Joseph, who conceives Jesus by the Holy Spirit. She appears at Cana, at the crucifixion and with the apostles in Jerusalem after the resurrection.
Principal written sources
- Gospels of Matthew, Luke and John
- Acts of the Apostles 1:14
- Protevangelium of James (2nd century; not part of the biblical canon)
Full timeline
- 1st centuryNew Testament account
Annunciation and birth of Jesus
As narrated in Luke and Matthew.
- 1st centuryNew Testament account
At the cross
John’s Gospel places Mary at the crucifixion.
- 431
Council of Ephesus
Affirms the title Theotokos.
- 1854 and 1950
Catholic Marian dogmas
Immaculate Conception (1854) and Assumption (1950) defined by popes.
Tradition
The Council of Ephesus (431) affirmed the title Theotokos. Catholic teaching later defined her Immaculate Conception (1854) and Assumption (1950); Orthodox churches celebrate her Dormition but did not adopt the 1854 definition.
- Feast days
- 25 March — Annunciation
- 15 August — Dormition (Orthodox) / Assumption (Catholic)
- 8 September — Nativity of Mary
- Venerated in (starting dataset)
- Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, Lutheran. Honoured in different ways across traditions. The Church of the East prefers the title “Mother of Christ” to Theotokos; Protestant churches generally honour her without invoking saints.
- Patronage and roles (starting dataset)
- All Christians, Mothers, Universal Protection
- Places
- Nazareth · Bethlehem · Jerusalem
Accounts
Accounts in the starting dataset
The source workbook lists these under “Confirmed Miracle / Key Event”. The Atlas does not treat them as confirmed: each is labelled by the kind of evidence behind it.
New Testament accountGospel account and doctrine
“Apparition & Virgin Birth of Jesus Christ, the Incarnation of God”
The virginal conception is narrated in Matthew and Luke and taught by most churches. The workbook’s word “apparition” appears misplaced here.
TraditionalReported apparitions
“Apparition at Our Lady of the Pillar (40 AD) & Guadalupe / Lourdes / Fatima”
Our Lady of the Pillar (Zaragoza) rests on a medieval tradition; its “40 AD” date is legendary. Guadalupe (1531), Lourdes (1858) and Fátima (1917) are apparitions approved for devotion by the Catholic Church, which does not require belief in them.
Sources
About the image · Editorial design
Editorial initial. No likeness of Mary survives; icons and paintings are devotional images.
Editorial status
Editorial draft. Built from the starting workbook with editorial corrections and framing. It has not yet been checked against independent sources.
References
Workbook linkNot yet checked
britannica.com (opens in a new tab)
Link supplied in the source workbook (“Top 100 Saints”, row 11). It has not been checked to confirm that it supports every claim in that row.
Original workbook record
Imported unchanged from “Top 100 Saints”, row 11. Values here are the starting dataset, not verified facts; where the Atlas differs, the reason is noted below.
- #
- 3
- Saint / Title
- Saint Mary (Theotokos / Mother of God)
- Primary Traditions Veneration
- Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Anglican, Lutheran
- Feast Day(s)
- Aug 15 / Sept 8 / Mar 25
- Era / Lived
- 1st Century BC – 1st Century AD
- Origin / Region
- Nazareth / Jerusalem
- Patronage & Major Roles
- All Christians, Mothers, Universal Protection
- Confirmed Miracle / Key Event 1
- Apparition & Virgin Birth of Jesus Christ, the Incarnation of God
- Confirmed Miracle / Key Event 2
- Apparition at Our Lady of the Pillar (40 AD) & Guadalupe / Lourdes / Fatima
- Key Contribution / Historical Significance
- Mother of Jesus Christ; uniquely revered across ancient traditions as the God-bearer (Theotokos).
- Reference Link
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-mother-of-Jesus
Editorial notes on this record
- Confirmed Miracle / Key Event 1: “Apparition & Virgin Birth” merges a doctrine with an apparition category.
- Confirmed Miracle / Key Event 2: “Our Lady of the Pillar (40 AD)” gives a legendary date as fact.
- Era / Lived: “1st Century BC – 1st Century AD” — shown simply as 1st century.