Compare
Russian Orthodox ChurchandPentecostalism
At a glance
- Common groundIn full: Common ground
- Common inheritanceNo direct separation: Protestantism arose in the Western church in the 16th century, centuries after the West had become estranged from the Orthodox East. What they share is the Bible and the early Church as each receives it.
2 sources
- The Filioque: A Church-Dividing Issue? An Agreed Statement, IISource verified
- Christianity: The First Three Thousand YearsIdentified, not independently read
Provisional: broadly supported, but awaiting fuller checking.
- Common inheritanceNo direct separation: Protestantism arose in the Western church in the 16th century, centuries after the West had become estranged from the Orthodox East. What they share is the Bible and the early Church as each receives it.
- Key differencesIn full: Key differences
- Scripture and authorityRussian Orthodox ChurchScripture read within Holy Tradition, the councils and the FathersPentecostalismScripture as the supreme authority for faith and life
- Sacraments and ordinancesRussian Orthodox ChurchSeven sacraments (holy mysteries); Christ's body and blood are truly present; Infants are baptisedPentecostalismBaptism and the Lord's Supper as ordinances; A symbolic memorial of Christ's death; Baptism follows a personal confession of faith
Below: 2 topics where teaching varies.
- How their histories connectIn full: How their histories connect
- Lines parted · 1054 (conventional) · A gradual process · Through the wider familyThe estrangement of East and West (schism)Read the account in Eastern Orthodox Church
- Line of descentRussian Orthodox Church became self-governing from the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople (1448).
- Line of descentPentecostalism has roots in the Wesleyan-Holiness movement of the Methodist tradition (1901–1906), which grew out of a revival within the Church of England (1730s–1795), which took shape in the Reformation of the Western church under Rome (1534–1559).
- Connected today?In full: their relationship today
Not yet researched
The Atlas has not yet researched their present relationship. This is a gap, not evidence either way.
Composed from each tradition’s sourced records. Where a topic is not yet recorded for one side, the Atlas says so rather than guess.
Structured comparison. Composed from each tradition’s sourced position records. No research has yet been written for this particular pair, so the Atlas shows only what those records establish.
Where they differ
Scripture and authority
Sources of authority
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Scripture read within Holy Tradition, the councils and the Fathers
- Pentecostalism
- Scripture as the supreme authority for faith and life
Sacraments and ordinances
How the rites are understood and counted
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Seven sacraments (holy mysteries)
- Pentecostalism
- Baptism and the Lord's Supper as ordinances
Christ's presence in the Eucharist or Lord's Supper
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Christ's body and blood are truly present
- Pentecostalism
- A symbolic memorial of Christ's death
Who is baptised
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Infants are baptised
- Pentecostalism
- Baptism follows a personal confession of faith
Where teaching varies within a tradition (2)
God
Doctrine of God
- Russian Orthodox Church
- One God in three persons: Father, Son and Holy SpiritShared Eastern Orthodox teaching.
- Pentecostalism
- One God in three persons: Father, Son and Holy SpiritOneness Pentecostal churches reject the doctrine of the Trinity, so this is not a position of the whole movement.
Salvation and grace
Characteristic emphasis
- Russian Orthodox Church
- Salvation as theosis: union with God by graceShared Eastern Orthodox teaching.
- Pentecostalism
- Baptism in the Holy Spirit after conversion, with speaking in tongues as its initial signNot all Pentecostal churches teach tongues as the necessary initial evidence.
Not yet comparable (10)
No sourced position is recorded for one side, so the Atlas does not say whether they agree:
- Christ (christ's divinity): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Christ (how christ's divinity and humanity are expressed): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Creeds and councils (the nicene creed): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Creeds and councils (the filioque): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Creeds and councils (councils received): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Church and ministry (church government): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Church and ministry (ministry): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Mary and the saints (asking the saints to pray): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Mary and the saints (how mary is named): not recorded for Pentecostalism
- Day of worship (weekly day of worship): not recorded for Pentecostalism
How their histories relate
The Atlas has no researched record of a direct historical relationship between these two. Not every pair of traditions experienced a schism or union with each other. Each took shape in its own way:
Their relationship today
Not yet researched
The Atlas has no researched record of the present relationship between these two. That is a gap in the research, not evidence of any particular relationship.
Developments towards reconciliation
No documented agreement or formal dialogue between these traditions is recorded in the Atlas.
Explore further
Russian Orthodox Church
All citations link to the Atlas’s single source register.